Everything about Ezra Abbot totally explained
Ezra Abbot (
April 28,
1819,
Jackson, Maine–
March 21,
1884,
Cambridge, Massachusetts) was an
American biblical scholar.
He graduated from
Bowdoin College in
1840. In
1847, at the request of Prof.
Andrews Norton, he went to Cambridge, where he was principal of a public school until
1856. He was assistant librarian of
Harvard University from
1856 to
1872, and planned and perfected an alphabetical card catalogue, combining many of the advantages of the ordinary dictionary catalogues with the grouping of the minor topics under more general heads, which is characteristic of a systematic catalogue. From 1872 until his death he was Bussey Professor of
New Testament Criticism and Interpretation in the
Harvard Divinity School.
Abbot's studies were chiefly in
Oriental languages and textual criticism of the New Testament, though his work as a bibliographer showed such results as the exhaustive list of writings (5300 in all) on the doctrine of the future life, appended to W. R. Alger's
History of the Doctrine of a Future Life, as it has prevailed in all Nations and Ages (
1862), and published separately in
1864.
Abbot's publications, though always of the most thorough and scholarly character, were to a large extent dispersed in the pages of reviews, dictionaries, concordances, texts edited by others,
Unitarian controversial treatises, etc. However, he took a more conspicuous and personal part in the preparation (with
Baptist scholar Horatio B. Hackett) of the enlarged American edition of Dr. (afterwards Sir) William Smith's
Dictionary of the Bible (
1867-
1870), to which he contributed more than 400 articles, as well as greatly improving the bibliographical completeness of the work. He was an efficient member of the American revision committee for the Revised Version (
1881-
1885) of the
King James Bible, and helped prepare
Caspar René Gregory's Prolegomena to the revised
Greek New Testament of
Constantin von Tischendorf.
His principal single work, representing his scholarly method and conservative conclusions, was
The Authorship af the Fourth Gospel: External Evidences (
1880; 2nd ed. by J. H. Thayer, with other essays,
1889), originally a lecture. In spite of the compression due to its form, this work was up to that time probably the ablest defence, based on external evidence, of the Johannine authorship, and certainly the most complete treatment of the relation of
Justin Martyr to this gospel.
Though a layman, Abbot received the degree of S. T. D. from Harvard in
1872, and that of D.D. from
Edinburgh in
1884.
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